Schedule System
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Shifts and Working Schedules (a multifactor problem)
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Background
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Between 20and 25% of industrial and services labor force,
work in a system of shifts.
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There are social labor and health implications.
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The problem is complex and multifactor
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Why is the shifts work a problem?
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Men is a daytime creature
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We live in a daytime culture
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There is an internal biological clock: (Leads the rhythms of a
set of physiological variables, which function is to activate/ deactivate.
It has inertia towards a daytime orientation) .
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Impact in Health and Security
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Biological
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Social
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Medical
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Labour
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Biological Area
Disturbance of sleeping cycle/Wakefulness (Daytime sleep)
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Social Área
Difficulty to keep usual relationships in the social, marriage,
and family area.
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Medical Área
Gastrointestinal, neuropsychic, cardiovascular problems.
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Labour Área
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Mistakes (Velocity of response)
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Accidentability (frequency/gravity)
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Absence (replacement training)
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Journey Accidents
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Recommendations
( Designing better shifts system)
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Personnel Selection
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People over 50 years old
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Workers that have other non-official jobs
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People with a high domestic load
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Alondra individuals
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People with rigid sleeping ( not flexible)
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People with alcohol and drugs habits
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People with epileptic gastrointestinal problems
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Diabetics or with cardiac problems
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Training
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The most frequent situations within workers with self-adapting
problems are mistakes and accidents.
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Training to adapt the schedule and home life to work in shifts.
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Improvements in the Working Environment
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Good basic services (dinning-rooms, air quality, etc.)
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Creation of a nice working environment.
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An environment with the appropriate light.
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Shifts Systens‰ Modification (Appropriate rotation scheme)
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Rotation Velocity
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Work in shifts must be as reduced as possible
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If this is not possible fast rotation ( daily) is preferable
than weekly or monthly rotation.
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Daily lasting of shifts
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The extended working schedule (9-12 hours /day) should
only be considered if there are the following conditions:
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Bearable work loads, without excessive fatigue
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If there are trained workers to cover absences
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Overtime is not required
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If exposure to toxic environmental agents is controlled
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Starting schedule for the morning shift
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Morning shifts should avoid beginning to work too early,
(before 6:00am).
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Distribution of spare time
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Resting period between two consecutive shifts must
be 11 hours.
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Fast change ( for instance from the evening shift to
the afternoon shift in the same day should be avoided)
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All the evening shifts system should include pauses.
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Sources: recommendation 178 of the OIT, work code.
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Rotation direction
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Forward rotation is preferable (morning/afternoon/evening)
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Conclusions
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Work in shifts and in the evening schedule is necessary.
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This work system produces alterations in personnel‰s health,
productivity and welfare.
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(Law NÁ 19404 about heavy work) It is necessary to use the
available knowledge to improve the workers‰ life quality.
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It is necessary to develop knowledge.
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